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NaF Exposure Promotes Eryptosis via Calcium Influx and p38 MAPK/RIPK1 Activation

• 1、College of Eco-Environment Engineering, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, China

Abstract：In order to explore the damage and toxic mechanism of fluorine on erythrocytes, in current study, peripheral erythrocytes were exposed to 0, 10, 25, 50 and 100 μM sodium fluoride (NaF), then explored its toxic phenotype and mechanism. First of all, to evaluate its effects on erythrocytes, hemolysis, lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) release, phosphatidylserine (PS) exposure, the changes of cell numbers and shape were detected.Next, to assess its toxic mechanism, oxidative stress, calcium mobilization and different apoptotic pathways were monitored。 The results indicated that, different dosage of NaF increased cell hemolysis, membrane permeability, decreased cell number and changed cell shape on erythrocytes; additionally, NaF exposure promoted calcium influx and cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels；further study by calcium and ROS depletion confirmed that NaF activated calcium influx mediated in PS translocation, and these calcium influx and PS exposure were also associated to ROS increasing; ultimately, the blocking of different apoptotic pathways revealed that p38 MAPK and RIPK1 were involved in NaF induced PS translocation. Overall, this study provides a theoretical basis for health risk prevention and assessment caused by excessive fluorine intake .

Keywords： Sodium fluoride Red blood cells Eryptosis Calcium ion